These protests have been marked by violence, so being a conscientious individual who's an undergraduate neurobiology student with some knowledge of human anatomy and who's had training in first aid, here's a small compendium of what to do. EDIT: If moving the victim is possible, move them to one of the embassies here if nearby: http://tinyurl.com/nwrvsd TOC: 1. Establishing Condition of Victim 2. CPR 3. Signs of Shock 4. Signs of Brain Injury 5. First Aid at Protests 1. Establishing Condition of Victim First of all, ENSURE YOUR OWN SAFETY BEFORE COMMENCING TREATMENT. If you can/must move the injured person, do so safely; however, if you do not have to move them, do not move them. There are a few important things you want to look for: brain injury/concussion, shock, responsiveness, breathing and heartbeat. Information on some of these is given in the next few sections. A good resource for further information on this as applied to protests is gr88.tumblr.com and general information is available from the American Red Cross website. 2. CPR (with/without AED) The American Red Cross Heartsaver CPR rule is 30/2: 30 compressions to 2 breaths. Compressions are more important than breaths - if you cannot perform breaths, perform compressions. Here are some basic steps to follow. - Before doing CPR, establish the person's condition by checking responsiveness - ask firmly and loudly if they are okay and give them a firm poke or a shake in an unaffected region of their body. If they are not responding, proceed to step 2. - Remember 'ABC': Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Lean your head down next to their head and watch for chest rise/fall. If safe, take pulse. - If no response, start CPR. Use the heels of your palm, one hand clasped over the other, and compress the sternum (a bit of popping and clicking is okay) at a rate of about 100 compressions per minute. Pinch nose shut and tilt head back when administering breaths. A good way to keep tempo is to do compressions to the beat of 'Another One Bites the Dust' by Queen, if you are familiar with the song. Search for it on Youtube if you want to find a video. - Keep a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. A note on AEDs: If you have an AED available, use it. There will be directions on the inside of the device as to how to use it. However, if there are no directions, this is what to do: - Open the victim's shirt and place the pads as indicated - usually one on the victim's right shoulder and one on the victim's left side, so that there is a straight line passing through the heart to each pad. If you have to, shave body hair off these points. Press the button on the device to start it. There will be directions as to when to administer shocks. Keep away from the person being shocked when the device is administering a shock. Once shock is administered, resume compressions and breaths until AED says it is prepared to administer another shock. 3. Signs of Shock / Caring for a Victim Who Is In Shock Shock is the body's response when it has undergone significant trauma such as a broken bone. From gr88.tumblr.com, a guide on shock: - Fainting or faintness - Pale or bluish skin, cold to the touch - Moist or clammy skin - Dilated pupils, dull eyes - Weakness - Shallow, labored, or irregular breathing - Rapid pulse (over 100bpm) - Nausea, vomiting, anxiety, thirst - Unresponsiveness - Sunken eyes or vacant expression Treating shock: - For minor shock, have the victim sit down and put their head between their knees. - Have the victim lie down. Keep him comfortable, and keep the body temperature normal. If it is hot, provide shade; if it is cold, put blankets over the victim. - Do not give the victim fluid to drink if he or she is unconscious or semiconscious, vomits or may vomit. - Choose the best position for the victim according to the nature of the injury. Positioning the victim: Standard position for giving care for shock: feet up, injury elevated. Warning: Do not elevate the injury if you think a bone may be broken. Do not elevate any unsplinted fracture. The victim should be flat on the back if you think a bone may be broken and it is not splinted, if elevation is painful, or if you are unsure about which position is correct. If the victim has a head wound or is having trouble breathing, elevate the head and shoulders. Do not elevate the feet and the head at the same time. A victim who is bleeding from the mouth, vomiting, or may vomit should lie on one side, so fluid will drain from the mouth. 4. Signs of Brain Injury From the ADAM online medical encyclopedia. Get medical help immediately if the person: * Becomes unusually drowsy * Develops a severe headache or stiff neck * Vomits more than once * Loses consciousness (even if brief) * Behaves abnormally For a moderate to severe head injury, take the following steps: 1. Obtain more trained medical help if available. 2. Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR. 3. If the person's breathing and heart rate are normal but the person is unconscious, treat as if there is a spinal injury. Stabilize the head and neck by placing your hands on both sides of the person's head, keeping the head in line with the spine and preventing movement. Wait for medical help. 4. Stop any bleeding by firmly pressing a clean cloth on the wound. If the injury is serious, be careful not to move the person's head. If blood soaks through the cloth, DO NOT remove it. Place another cloth over the first one. 5. If you suspect a skull fracture, DO NOT apply direct pressure to the bleeding site, and DO NOT remove any debris from the wound. Cover the wound with sterile gauze dressing. 6. If the person is vomiting, roll the head, neck, and body as one unit to prevent choking. This still protects the spine, which you must always assume is injured in the case of a head injury. (Children often vomit ONCE after a head injury. This may not be a problem, but call a doctor for further guidance.) 7. Apply ice packs to swollen areas. For a mild head injury, no specific treatment may be needed. However, closely watch the person for any concerning symptoms over the next 24 hours. The symptoms of a serious head injury can be delayed. While the person is sleeping, wake him or her every 2 to 3 hours and ask simple questions to check alertness, such as "What is your name?" Over-the-counter pain medicine (like acetaminophen or ibuprofen) may be used for a mild headache. DO NOT take aspirin, because it can increase the risk of bleeding. DO NOT * DO NOT wash a head wound that is deep or bleeding a lot. * DO NOT remove any object sticking out of a wound. * DO NOT move the person unless absolutely necessary. * DO NOT shake the person if he or she seems dazed. * DO NOT drink alcohol within 48 hours of a serious head injury. Call more trained medical help if: * There is severe head or facial bleeding. * The person is confused, drowsy, lethargic, or unconscious. * The person stops breathing. * You suspect a serious head or neck injury or the person develops any symptoms of a serious head injury. 5. First Aid at Protests PREVENTION IS THE BEST REMEDY FOR INJURY. Carry whatever supplies you need to prevent injury. Most first aid guidelines can be adapted for use at protests; there are numerous webpages on how to treat protest-specific injuries. Make sure a safe space is cleared around the victim; do not let anyone, not even protesters, near the person being treated. The victim's safety and your safety is paramount. If tear gas is used, keep a handkerchief soaked in apple cider vinegar or lime juice on hand for yourself and the victim. Carry whatever documentation you have to have. Smuggle extra doses of drugs if needed.
More info START Triage stands for Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment. This method of triage was developed in the early 1980s by the Hoag Hospital and Newport Beach Fire and Marine in California. START Triage is universally recognized as the most rapid form of triaging a large number of patients in the shortest time possible. The mnemonic associated with the START Triage program is RPM and stands for Respiration Pulse Mental Status The initial assessment and treatment of victims in a mass casualty incident should take no more than 30 seconds per patient. These patients are triaged based upon four factors. 1. Ability to walk away from the scene. 2. Respirations - Are respirations < or > 30 per minute. 3. Pulse - Does the patient have a radial pulse and/or capillary refill < or > 2 seconds 4. Mental Status - Is the patient able to follow simple commands? To initiate the START Triage * First clear the walking wounded using verbal instructions. o Direct them to the treatment area(s) for detailed assessment and treatment. o These patients are triaged MINOR for the purposes of START triage. * Now Check your RPMs The START triage process takes place in the following order. * RESPIRATIONS o None? + Open the airway o Still None? + Patient is triaged - DECEASED o Restored? + Patient is triaged IMMEDIATE o Present? + Above 30? Patient is triaged IMMEDIATE + Below 30? CHECK PERFUSION * PERFUSION o Radial Pulse Absent or Capillary Refill > 2 seconds. Patient is triaged IMMEDIATE o Radial Pulse Present or Capillary Refill < or = 2 seconds - Check Mental Status * MENTAL STATUS o Cannot follow simple commands (Unconscious or altered LOC) - IMMEDIATE o Can follow simple commands - DELAYED If the patient is IMMEDIATE upon initial evaluation attempt only to correct airway blockage or uncontrolled bleeding prior to moving on to the next patient. Remember, the goal is to take no longer than 30 seconds per patient. When things get hectic with multiple patients rev up your RPMs * R * - Respirations - 30 P * - Perfusion - 2 M - Mental Status - CAN DO mnemonic: 30 - 2 - CAN DO The START process permits a limited number of rescuers to rapidly triage a large number of patients, without specialized training, and allows for the movement of patients in an orderly manner to the treatment area where a more detailed assessment can be performed.
Just thought I'd throw in something that wasn't addressed; If you come across someone who you suspect of having a broken bone, you want to move them as little as possible. If you suspect it's a minor fracture or non-lifethreatening (wrist, forearm, ankle) you should try to move them but do your best to immobilize the affected area. The best thing to do would be to get them hold their own arm, or to support them in limping. (tips on making splints/slings here) If you suspect that they have broken their upper-arm or thigh (femur bone), this is extremely serious and should be dealt with ASAP. EDIT: Austin Heap says this better than I can
First aid united nations They have set up a twitter account for inhumane actions complaints. @unic on Twitter. I hope this helps. Salt water can be used for disinfectant. Needle and thread to sew wounds. Hold needle under match for at least a count of 5. Use ice as an anesthetic. Malox or milk will take away sting of pepper spray. I'm trying to think of ways to help reduce fear of going to hospitals. DRABC= Danger( stay out of further danger), Respond ( get to patient as soon as it is safe), Airway ( clear airway, do cpr if needed, Bleeding ( use compression, tie tourniquet above injury) , Contusions-broken bones (immobilize, do not reset, if multiple breaks use sling) . This is the order to treat patient injuries. I'm working on this. I do not speak Farsi, but: http://gr88.tumblr.com DO NOT use the proxy information. You all are in my prayers. I'm with you in spirit. I send you my strength as a gift. USA is watching and cares. I live in a very small town in Wisconsin, we are only known for cheese making, but we are holding a rally for you on Sunday. Peace be with you.
Finally in Farsi اول از همه ، اطمینان از ایمنی خود را قبل از شروع درمان ، اگر شما می تواند / باید به فرد مصدوم ، انتقال انجام این کار ایمن ؛ با این حال ، اگر شما لازم نیست که آنها را حرکت ، انجام آنها را جابجا کنیم. یک چیز مهم چند که می خواهید به دنبال : صدمه به مغز / تصادم ، شوک ، واکنش ، تنفس و ضربان قلب وجود ندارد. اطلاعات در مورد برخی از این در بخش های بعدی چند داده شده است. یک منبع خوب برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این عنوان را به تظاهرات gr88.tumblr.com اعمال شده است و بطور کلی اطلاعات از وب سایت صلیب سرخ آمریکا در دسترس است.
توقف هر گونه خونریزی. داشتن یک تمیز ، ترجیحا استریل ، مواد قابل جذب بیش از صدمه و اعمال فشار ملایم هنوز مستقیم (بدون اعمال بر سر شکستن). * آیا درست نیست که غایت آن است که در صورت ناقص -- نگه داشتن آن را در موقعیتی یافت نشد. * آیا یک شخص با یک شکستگی ران یا لگن خاصره حرکت نیست. اگر آنها باید منتقل شود ، با این حال ، با هم بند و پاها را با حوله یا پتو در بین آنها و محل آن شخص به آرامی بر روی تخته. * Splint یک استخوان مجروح توسط tying آن را به آرامی به یک جسم صلب ، مثلا به عنوان یک تخته و یا چوب ، یا حتی یک نورد تا روزنامه. کوسن جسم را با لباس و یا دیگر نرم padding اگر موجود است. را ببندید و با یک تراشه باند اگر موجود است. امن و تراشه در هر دو طرف صدمه ، در بالا و زیر را به شکستن ، اما در آن نیست. * اگر از مچ دست ، دست ، بازو و یا صدمه دیده است ، حذف همه ساعتهای ، دستبند ، حلقه و فوری. * بررسی گردش خون. مطبوعات انگشتان خود را محکم بر روی پوست ، در مکانی در گذشته ، شکستن (مانند ساعد ، در صورتی که آسیب در آرنج). اگر چنین شود صورتی 2 ثانیه بعد از تبدیل به شما اجازه رفتن ، گردش می تواند jeopardized. همچنین برای پوست ، رنگ پریده شدن و یا آبی ، numbness طنین انداز و یا چک ، و از دست دادن تپش. اگر ، مراقبت های اضطراری است که به سرعت در دسترس نیست ، سعی کنید به اندام realign (و نه از سر ، گردن ، پشت ، یا hips) را در یک موقعیت عادی استراحت به طوری که در بافت صدمه دیده است به دلیل عدم خون. * قرار یخ در جراحت. هرگز یخ را مستقیما بر روی پوست قرار داده -- آن را در یک کیسه اول است. پس از برگزاری یخ در جراحت حدود 20 دقیقه ، آن را خاموش به مدت 20 دقیقه می باشد. * جلوگیری از شوک. که فرد در وضع کردن تخت به خود و بالا بردن پا خود را در حدود 12 اینچ بالاتر از سر. پوشش او و یا او را با یک کت یا پتو. نادیده گرفتن این مرحله در صورتی که سر ، گردن ، پشت و یا مجروح شده بود. * آیا قربانی را داروی مسکن درد را کاهش.
Sorry a lot of it is backwards. Persian ALPHA isn't perfect, but it's something. Please, be safe. We are with you!
1. ایجاد شرط قربانی 2. CPR 3. علائم شوک 4. نشانه هایی از مغز مصدومیت 5. کمک های اول در اعتراض 1. ایجاد شرط قربانی اول از همه ، اطمینان از ایمنی خود را قبل از شروع درمان ، اگر شما می تواند / باید به فرد مصدوم ، انتقال انجام این کار ایمن ؛ با این حال ، اگر شما لازم نیست که آنها را حرکت ، انجام آنها را جابجا کنیم. یک چیز مهم چند که می خواهید به دنبال : صدمه به مغز / تصادم ، شوک ، واکنش ، تنفس و ضربان قلب وجود ندارد. اطلاعات در مورد برخی از این در بخش های بعدی چند داده شده است. یک منبع خوب برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این عنوان را به تظاهرات gr88.tumblr.com اعمال شده است و بطور کلی اطلاعات از وب سایت صلیب سرخ آمریکا در دسترس است. 2. CPR (با / بدون درهم) آمریکا صلیب سرخ Heartsaver حکومت CPR 30 / 2 است : 30 compressions به نفس 2. Compressions هستند مهم تر از نفس -- اگر شما می توانید نفس انجام نیست ، انجام compressions. در اینجا برخی از اقدامات اساسی را به دنبال. -- قبل از انجام CPR ، برقرار وضعیت فرد توسط بررسی واکنش -- بخواهید محکم و بلند اگر آنها صحیح است و آنها را به زدن شرکت و یا یک تکان در یک منطقه بی پیرایه از بدن خود را بدهد. اگر آنها پاسخ نیست ، اقدام به مرحله 2. -- به خاطر 'الفبای' : Airway ، تنفس ، گردش. تکیه سر خود را پایین بعدی را به سر خود و تماشا برای ظهور سینه / پاییز. اگر امن ، گرفتن نبض. -- اگر بدون پاسخ ، CPR شروع می شود. استفاده از ورو از نخل خود ، از یک طرف بیش از دیگری clasped ، و فشرده جناغ سینه (کمی popping و کلیک بر روی تصویب شده است) به نرخ حدود 100 compressions در هر دقیقه. بینی نیشگون تعطیل و شیب سر به هنگام اداره نفس. یک راه خوبی برای نگه داشتن وقت است که برای انجام compressions را به ضرب از 'یکی دیگر از یکی از نیش و گرد و غبار' توسط ملکه ، اگر شما با این آهنگ آشنا هستند. جستجو برای آن را در Youtube را اگر می خواهید برای یافتن یک ویدیو. -- نگه دارید که نسبت 30 compressions به نفس 2. توجه داشته باشید در یک AEDs : اگر شما از یک درهم امارات موجود ، از آن استفاده کنید. خواهد شد وجود دارد. جهت در داخل دستگاه را به عنوان را به نحوه استفاده از آن. با این حال ، اگر هیچ مسیر وجود دارد ، این است که آنچه را انجام دهید : -- باز پیراهن مقتول و محل از پد به عنوان نشان داد -- که معمولا یکی بر شانه راست مقتول و یکی در سمت چپ و قربانی ، به طوری که یک خط مستقیم را از طریق عبور از قلب به هر پد وجود دارد. در صورتی که شما باید ، تراشیدن موهای بدن کردن این نقطه. با فشار دکمه روی دستگاه را به آن شروع می شود. خواهد شد وجود دارد تا زمانی که به عنوان دستورالعمل به اداره shocks. دور از کسی که شوکه شده است وقتی که به دستگاه اداره یک شوک. وقتی که شوک اداره شده است ، رزومه compressions و نفس ، تا آن را درهم می گوید آماده است که به اداره دیگری شوک. 3. نشانه هایی از شوک / مراقبت از قربانی یک کسی است در شوک شوک پاسخ بدن هنگامی که آسیب قابل توجهی از آن به مانند یک استخوان شکسته دستخوش تغییرات شده است. از gr88.tumblr.com ، یک راهنما در شوک : -- غش و یا faintness -- پوست و یا مایل به ابی رنگپریده ، سرد و به لمس -- مرطوب و یا پوست سرد ومرطوب -- متسع شده دانش آموزان ، احمق چشم -- ضعف -- کم عمق ، سخت ، و یا تنفس نامنظم -- نبض سریع (بیش از 100bpm) -- تهوع ، استفراغ ، اضطراب ، تشنگی -- Unresponsiveness بیان -- چشمها غرق شده و یا خالی درمان شوک : -- برای شوک کوچک ، به قربانی بنشینید و قرار خود را بین زانو سر خود را. -- آیا قربانی دراز کشیدن. نگه داشتن او را راحت و حفظ درجه حرارت بدن سالم. اگر داغ ، سایه فراهم ؛ اگر سرد است ، پتو را قربانی قرار داده است. -- آیا این مایع نوشیدنی قربانی نمی دهد اگر او بیهوش است و یا نیمه هوشیار ، vomits و یا ممکن است استفراغ. -- را انتخاب کنید که بهترین موقعیت را برای قربانی با توجه به ماهیت صدمه. موقعیت قربانی : موقعیت استاندارد برای ارائه مراقبت برای شوک : پا کردن ، صدمه مرتفع. اخطار : آیا صدمه بلند نیست اگر شما فکر می کنید یک استخوان ممکن است شکسته شود. انجام هر گونه شکستگی unsplinted بالا بردن نیست. قربانی باید در پشت مسطح می شود اگر شما فکر می کنید ممکن است یک استخوان شکسته است و آن splinted نیست ، اگر ارتفاع دردناک است ، و یا اگر شما مطمئن نیستید که در مورد موضع درست است. اگر قربانی یک زخم سر داشتن و یا تنفس مشکل ، بالا بردن سر و شانه. آیا پا بلند است و سر را در همان زمان. یک قربانی است خونریزی از دهان ، استفراغ ، و یا ممکن است استفراغ باید در یک طرف دروغ ، بنابراین مایع را از دهان کشیدن. 4. نشانه هایی از مغز مصدومیت از آدم دانشنامه آنلاین پزشکی. دریافت کمک های پزشکی را بلافاصله اگر شخص : * تبدیل به طور غیر منتظره ای خواب الود * توسعه یک سردرد شدید و یا گرفتگی گردن * Vomits بیش از یک بار * آگاهی از دست می دهد (حتی اگر مختصر) * رفتار abnormally برای یک متوسط تا شدید جراحت سر ، را در مراحل زیر است : 1. بدست آوردن کمک بیشتر آموزش پزشکی در صورت موجود بودن. 2. بررسی راه هوایی فرد است ، تنفس و گردش خون. اگر لازم باشد ، را آغاز تنفس و CPR نجات. 3. اگر فرد تنفس و ضربان قلب عادی هستند ، اما کسی است که ناخودآگاه ، در صورت درمان به عنوان یک آسیب ستون فقرات وجود ندارد. ثبات در سر و گردن قرار دادن دست خود را در هر دو طرف سر فرد ، نگه داشتن سر در راستای ستون فقرات و جلوگیری از حرکت. صبر را برای کمک های پزشکی. 4. توقف هر گونه خونریزی توسط محکم فشار دادن یک پارچه تمیز بر روی زخم. در صورتی که صدمه جدی است ، مراقب باشید به حرکت سر فرد نیست. اگر soaks خون از طریق پارچه ، don't آن را حذف کنید. محل دیگری پارچه بر سر یکی از اولین. 5. اگر مشکوک به شکستگی جمجمه ، don't اعمال فشار مستقیم به سایت خونریزی ، و حذف نکنید و هر گونه باقی مانده از زخم. پوشش زخم را با گاز پانسمان استریل پانسمان. 6. اگر فرد استفراغ ، رول سر ، گردن ، و بدن به عنوان یک واحد برای جلوگیری از choking. هنوز هم این محافظت از ستون فقرات ، جایی که شما همیشه باید فرض است که در مورد صدمه سر مجروح شدند. (بچه ها که اغلب هنگامی که پس از صدمه به سر استفراغ. این ممکن است یک مشکل ، اما تماس با دکتر برای راهنمایی بیشتر.) 7. درخواست یخ بسته به مناطق ورم کرده. برای یک جراحت سر خفیف ، هیچ درمان خاص ممکن است مورد نیاز. با این حال ، نزدیک به فرد برای هر نشانه در باره بیش از 24 ساعت تماشا. علائم یک آسیب جدی می تواند سر تعویق افتاد. در حالی که شخص در خواب ، او را از خواب بیدار کردن و یا او را در هر 2 تا 3 ساعت و از آنها بخواهید سوال ساده برای بررسی alertness ، مانند "نام شما چیست؟" در طی - دارو ضد درد (مثل acetaminophen یا ibuprofen) ممکن است برای یک سردرد خفیف مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. نکنید و آسپرین را ، چرا که از آن می تواند خطر خونریزی را افزایش دهد. آیا نمی * نکنید و یک سر آن است که زخم های عمیق و یا خونریزی زیادی را شستشو. * نکنید و هر شیء الصاق کردن یک زخم حذف کنید. * انجام نیست مگر اینکه فرد کاملا ضروری حرکت کند. * نکنید و شخص تکان اگر او خیره به نظر می رسد. * آیا نوشیدن الکل نه در ظرف 48 ساعت از یک سر آسیب جدی است. تماس راهنمایی بیشتر درباره آموزش پزشکی اگر : * است که رئیس شدید و یا خونریزی صورت وجود دارد. * به فرد است که اشتباه ، کسل کننده ، بی حال ، و یا ناخودآگاه. * این شخص توقف تنفس. * شما گمان سر آسیب جدی و یا گردن و یا شخصی و توسعه هر گونه عوارض از سر آسیب جدی است. 5. کمک های اول در اعتراض پیشگیری از آن است بهترین را جبران صدمه. حمل هر تدارکات باید برای جلوگیری از صدمه. اکثر دستورالعمل ها کمک های اولیه می تواند برای استفاده از اقتباس می شود در تظاهرات ؛ هستند صفحات وب متعددی در مورد نحوه درمان اعتراض - صدمات خاص وجود دارد. اطمینان حاصل کنید که یک فضای امن در سراسر قربانی پاک است ؛ کار کسی ، و نه حتی اعتراض اجازه نمی دهد ، در نزدیکی آن فرد می شود درمان کرد. ایمنی و قربانی و ایمنی شما بزرگتر شده است. اگر گاز اشک آور استفاده می شود ، نگه داشتن یک دستمال در سرکه سیب شراب سیب و یا آب لیمو در دست خود و برای قربانی خیس. انجام هر آنچه که شما باید اسناد را داشته باشد. دوزهای اضافی قاچاق مواد مخدر در صورت نیاز.
Wow. Rereading it that is really, really rough translation. Some verbs are just wrong. But better than nothing. Tweeting some important parts in 140 or less, though. If even one person is helped, then it is something. We are with you, Iran. The whole world is with you!
You should really make a flyer (translated in Persian, of course) with these advices and give them during demonstrations, and even dedicate some skilled persons to provide first aid (give them like a brassard or something)
Greetings DO NOT REMOVE ANY OBJECTS FROM THE BODY UNLESS THE PATIENT IS HAVING PROBLEMS FROM THE OBJECT BREATHING! Removing an object can cause more trauma and can create internal bleeding and death! There are many things being used on the people of Iran from what I am reading and one is gas... I would like to see a post from someone in the area telling me what they are using agents the protesters please so I can help further. They are dropping chemicals now from what I have just heard on the news and I need to know what it is or what it is doing please post back! Gas / chem ... Depending on the gas used please remove the person from the area Remove clothing. Flush eyes and nose with water. Watch patents for any problems with breathing. If body is hit with a substance wipe off the patients face *AWAY FROM EYES AND NOSE* remove them from the area and then remove clothing.. watch patient for breathing problems! Anyone helping a patients please make sure the gas or chemical does NOT get on your body also! In many cases with gases there will be a lot of stuff coming out of there nose wipe this off! If they are unconscious please make sure this discharge does not block airway! It can be thick! If you have to walk away for a moment please place patient on there left side and pull up the right leg to help prop them up. Gunshot... This depends on the part of the body hit and is very very hard because usually internal damage is also taking place. Keep patients calm and use towels and hold lightly on the wound. If the bullet has exited the body also put a towel in the exit area. Roll the patient gently on there side with help and see if there is another wound on there back. When you roll the patient pretend there body is a board and you must not let there body bend or move and must be kept straight because this can create more damage to them! I am aware that they are taking patients from the hospital and if a person has been hit in the torso they must be taken to the hospital!!! If you do not sadly they may die These patents will be in pain and I do not suggest you give them any thing even water! You may use ice on the area as suggested above BUT there own body will shift into a shock if the wound is bad and there bodies will take care of the pain better then you will be able to with out the drugs and medical training. If hit in arm or leg and bleeding can be stopped? use towels and hold light pressure to the wound. Keep patients calm and talk to them they will tell you how they are better then your eyes will. then fallow the instructions for broken bones! Roll up towels and gently place the towels around the area use tape to hold the towels in place. For legs push on the big toe nail and see if it changes back to pink again on the nail bed! If it is the arm push on the finger nail and see if it goes pink again. If it does not then take them to the hospital if it is safe! Any moment of the area shot can create bleeding and further damage to the patient! Broken bones...Broken bones that have not punched thru the skin.. Roll up towels and gently place the towels around the area use tape to hold the towels in place. For legs push on the big toe nail and see if it changes back to pink again on the nail bed! If it is the arm push on the finger nail and see if it goes pink again. If it does not then take them to the hospital if it is safe! This information is being posted as fast as I can type and I will be checking back and I take no fault nor liabilities in any injuries that take place to the patients and to anyone that is helping the patent! This is intended to help in any way as fast as I can.... Love and light to you all! You are in my heart!! Rose
Full USA Combat First Aid Handbook.. One of the best resources ever made for treating Battle Wounds or everyday wounds..this is what united States military carries.. This manual is in PDF (Adobe) Also notice it says Approved for PUBLIC use.. Short Link (Tiny for posting etc) http://tinyurl.com/m2bmqn Actual Link(source) http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/milmed/first.pdf
More first aid advice, military origin These are some ways to treat the majority of injuries. This will help avoid the hospitals. Above all, get to safety. Move the person if you have to. The first thing to do is assess the injuried. Do the following: Check for responsiveness Ask "Are you OK?" in a loud voice. Check for breathing Put your ear near the nose and mouth, and watch for the chest to rise and fall. You can also hold a mirror under the nose. Check for bleeding. Look for red stains on clothing, on the ground. Check for shock. Someone in shock will be pale, sweaty, and confused. They may have blue lips and fingernails. Check for broken bones. Carefully feel along arms, legs, neck, and around the skull. If it feels wrong or out of place, treat it. Check for closed head injuries. Look for a clear, sweet fluid leaking from ears, nose, or around eyes. Next, begin treatment. If someone is not breathing, lay them on their back. Put the palm of one hand on the forhead, and fingertips of the other hand under the chin bone. Press down and back with your forehand hand, and lift up with your fingers on the chin. This will open the airway, and most times, people will begin to breathe again. If not, pinch the persons nose shut. Open their mouth, seal your lips around there's, and blow forcefully. Watch to see the chest rise. Continue doing this until they can breathe on their own. To treat bleeding, find where the bleeding is coming from. If it is a gunshot wound, look for an exit hole. Use anything clean you have on hand to tie the wound closed. Tie it tight enough so that you can slip two fingers under the bandage. Using your hand, place pressure on the wound for around 5 minutes. If it is still bleeding, take a second piece of cloth. Bunch it up, place it directly over the wound, and tie this down. It should be one-finger tight. Keep pressure on the wound for another 5 minutes. If it continues to bleed, locate a stick, metal rod, anthing sturdy about fore-arms length. Take another strip of cloth, one palm's width wide. Wrap it around the arm or leg, two inches above the wound, or two inches above a joint. Tie it tightly. Place your stick on that knot, and tie it down. Twist the stick until the bleeding stops, then use the free ends to tie off stick so it does not move. This is a tourniquet. Write the time on the person's forehead. For a wound to the chest, seal it shut with a piece of plastic, that overlaps the edges of the wound. If you have it, tape it on three sides. if not, tie a strip of cloth around the chest, tight enough to hold the plastic in place. If someone is wounded badly, they may go into shock. To treat that, move them out of the sun, into a shady, protected area.If there are no leg injuries, have the person lay on their back, and prop their legs up. You can give them cool sips of water, not a lot. Don't give them anything to drink if they have a head injury. Even if you treat everything else, this can kill someone, so it's important. You may need to splint a broken bone. The best thing to use for this, is any board, pipe, anything solid and rigid. for arms and legs, you want to tietwo boards, pipes, or anything else to the arm or leg. Tie it twice over, and twice under the wound, using four pieces of cloth. Make sure to include the major joint above the break. If someone has a broken arm, make sure the elbow can't move. To brace broken ribs, take an arm and put it in a sling. Then tie the sling, and arm, around the person's body, snug against the chest. If you think someone has a broken back, broken hips, or neck, the best thing to do is carefully roll them onto something like a door. Use pillows next to the head, and tie them to the door securely. If you have nothing to splint with, tie the broken body part to the unbroken one. Tie the legs together, tie the arms to the chest. Anything you can do to prevent movement. If you think someone has a broken skull, carefully tie a pillow around the head, leaving the face clear. Try not to move them too much. To protect against tear gas, use a wet towel tied around your face. Keep water handy to quickly rinse out of eyes. You can also use plastic sheeting, and tape to cover your skin. Tear gas will STOP WORKING if you are in it long enough. Just stay calm, and take short breaths until you can get free. This is more technical, but if you can, find a drug store. Look for antibiotics. Any type will work. Give those to anyone who is hurt, to lessen the chance of infection. Don't try to remove bullets, or anything like that, unless you can clearly see them from the skin. You'll hurt someone worse if you try.
in Chapter 3 on page 3/4 in the book 2 posts up (combat first aid)it goes over Chest wounds or what are called in combat sucking chest wounds.. these are pretty much the most common wound in armed combat (war) A Gunshot Directly to the chest which punctures the lung/lungs and can kill in minutes unless you know what to do.. if you will be facing guns i suggest you familiarize yourself with this wound immediately!!
First Aid: TRIAGE !!!! I'm a trained first responder and have been in a few riots and multi-casualty situations. 1 - If they aren't breathing or have no pulse, they're dead! You don't have the luxury of doing proper CPR, and you may be tying up resources that can save someone else, or get shot while doing it. Help anyone who can be saved and mourn the rest later. Safety means getting out of the combat zone as fast as possible before more injuries happen. 2 - Learn the "log roll carry" and the 2-person "buddy chair" carry so you can get people to a quieter spot. Even the "fireman's carry", although it's going to make some injuries worse. 3 - If you have to drag a person, sit behind them, grab their torso and push both of you backwards with your feet. 4 - Carry some clean t-shirts or towels. If it's bleeding, push a clean cloth on it with sufficient pressure and get them out of there. T-shirt strips make decent ties. A roll of duct tape is handy for splinting, covering sucking chest wounds, and other stuff. DO NOT APPLY TOURNIQUETS UNLESS YOU ARE HEADED FOR A HOSPITAL REAL SOON ... please. Direct pressure on the wound, or to a pressure point above the wound is way better than a tourniquet. 5 - Head injuries can be fatal hours later. If someone takes a hit to the head, get them out of there with a partner who can monitor their alertness. Vomiting, headache, and repeatedly asking the same question are BAD. 6 - Temporary splints to broken bones can be rigged out of newspapers, magazines or a strip of cardboard - just to prevent further damage, not too tight. I ship a lot of people splinted with a triangular tube of cardboard under their busted forearm, with gauze holding it all immobile. Here's the trick: Immobilize above and below the broken part so nothing can flop around and move the bones. Forearms are immobilized at the hand and just below elbow. Broken lower leg bones require the ankle be immobilized too. A u-shaped length of cardboard can do it for you. Buddy splint - tape the good leg to the bad leg, matching knees, ankles and toes. 7 - The person playing medic is vulnerable, because they are not paying attention to their surroundings. You need to designate one or two people to guard the medics and let them know when they need to leave the scene. You don't want to lose your medic!
Care of Injuries I am retired ER Doc - will just add few quick things: 1. Any head injury may also have neck injury. If neck is fractured, any neck movement could damage spine & cause paralysis, so keep neck straight when you log roll patient onto stretcher. Then use duct tape running across to immobilize head, shoulders, chest, pelvis - keep spine in one straight line. (Before putting on duct tape, wedge rolled up towels on either side head & neck.) 2. To sterilize needle, place in boiling water few minutes & let cool. (Don't use flame - needle will get sooty & cause a tattoo!) 3. Pelvic fractures bleed massively, so if you suspect one, put a folded sheet cross-wise under patient buttocks and tie it together tightly across front of pelvis. In doing this, you will reduce the fracture and decrease bleeding so much that you may save a life or, at least obviate the need for a blood transfusion.
"rampant" - can you (or someone?) better make a description of how this works I think it is important, but I can not understand how the (blanket) goes. This is important for bad falls and people getting runned over by a car. Thank you! موش
http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/milmed/first.pdf it shows in here with pictures and directions in case rampant does not return..
Reply - Care of Patients Wish I could draw a picture - if sheet were on bed, you would fold sides in till sheet was about 2 feet wide but still had maximum length. The long ends are for tying and the middle forms a "seat" under the patient. If you have any questions, I am on twitter at @bringsdogtowork
It's like a wide belt, but tied firmly around the bones of the pelvis to hold them together ... you can make one out of a chador if you have to (finally, a use for those things). You could also make a stretcher out of a chador ... put the victim on it, roll up the sides to make hand grips - roll around sticks if you have them, and carry with 4 or 6 persons. This is better than grabbing arms and legs.
Something above about giving painkillers to the injured - best to avoid narcotics until hospital because (1)they can decrease blood pressure which may already be too low due to blood loss (& if BP gets extremely low, patient will collapse and die) and (2) they may cause drowsiness/confusion and make impossible to judge patient's true mental status, especially if head injury present. And please, please do not give aspirin as it causes increased bleeding! So that leaves Tylenol (acetominophen) and NSAIDS like Motrin (Ibuprofen) and Aleve (naproxen) as generally considered safe.
To my knowledge the difference is only in the amount of oversight, not actual purity. It'll do just fine if medical oxygen is not available, that said, finding a regulator, and either finding or jury rigging an oxygen mask of some sort might be difficult Some advice concerning oxygen Obviously, do not use it anywhere near flames, and if it gets shot, damaged, leaks, or is punctured, it WILL explode, so keep that in mind, don't store it anywhere that it can fall over, even having it tip on its side is dangerous Administer emergency Oxygen when An adult (defined as anyone over 100lbs) is breathing fewer than 12 breaths per minute or more than 20 breaths per minute. A child (Anyone under 100lbs) is breathing fewer than 15 breaths per minute or more than 30 breaths per minute. An infant (birth to 36 months I think, my manual is missing in action, for the purposes here, it shouldn't be an issue) is breathing fewer than 25 breaths per minute or more than 50 breaths per minute. Nasal Canula 1-6 Litres per minute Delivers 28%-44% oxygen to patient Used for patients capable of breathing on their own and who are uncomfortable with a nonrebreather mask (shock patients? nausea?) Essentially, this is just two tubes leading to the nostrils, so as long as you have tubing that can be connected to your oxygen bottle and some tape, you can make one Non-Rebreather mask 10-15 litres per minute Delivers 60-90% oxygen to patient Used for patients capable of breathing on their own Bag Valve Mask 15-25 litres per minute Delivers pure oxygen Used for patients who are not breathing, some can be connected to resuscitation masks, they are easier to use with one person creating a seal with the mask, and another squeezing the bag until the patients chest visibly rises
